¬O½ÖÅý¦t©z±qµL¨ì¦³¡H
ÀHµÛ³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×ªº³Ó§Q¡A§@¬°°ßª«¥D¸q½×°ò¥Ûªº¡§ùÚ¤[¦t©z¡¨¤§·§©À¤]¦¨¤F¾ú¥v¡C
¨º»ò¡A ¦b³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¤§«e¦s¦bµÛ¤°»ò¡A¬O½ÖÅý¦t©z±qµL¨ì¦³ªº¡H
·íµM¤F¡A³oÓ°ÝÃDªºµª®×¤]³\¤£·|Åý¨È·æ¡E·R¤B¹y(Authur
Eddington)³o¼Ëªº°ßª«¥D¸qªÌ·P¨ì´r§Ö¡A ¨º´N¬O¯u¥D¦s¦bªº³oÓ¯u²z¡C µÛ¦WªºµL¯«½×ªÌ¦wªF¥§¡EºÖ¸S(Anthony
Flew)»¡¡G
¡§¤HÌ»¡¡A
Äb®¬·|¹ï¤HÃþªºÆF»î¦³¯q³B¡C §Ú¤]·Q§@¤@ÓÄb®¬¡G³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×·|Åý¤@ÓµL¯«½×ªÌ·P¨ì§x´b¡C
¦]¬°¬ì¾ÇÃÒ©ú¤F¤@Ó³Q©v±Ð®ÑÄy©ÒÅGÅ@ªºÂ_¨¥¡A §YÃö©ó¦t©z¦³¤@Ó¶}©lªºÂ_¨¥¡C §Ú¤´µM¬OÓµL¯«½×ªÌ¡A
¦ý§Ú©Ó»{¦b³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×±«eºûÅ@¦Û¤vªº¥ß³õ¥i¤£¬O¤@¥ó»´ÃP®e©öªº¨Æ±¡¡C¡¨1
³\¦h¤£Ä@ª¼¥Ø¦¨¬°µL¯«½×ªÌªº¬ì¾Ç®aÌ¡A¦p¤µ³£©Ó»{¤@ÓµL©Ò¤£¯àªº¡A³Ð³y¤F¸Uª«¤§¯u¥Dªº¦s¦b¡C
¨Ò¦p¡A ¬ü°êµÛ¦Wªº¤Ñ¤åª«²z¾Ç®a¥ð¡Eù´µ(Hug Ross)¦bÄÄz³Ð³y¦t©zªº¯u¥DµL©Ò¤£¦b®É¡A »¡¹D¡G
¡§®É¶¡¬O¨Æ¥óµo¥Íªº½dÃ¥¡C¦pªGª«½è¬OÀHµÛÃz¬µ¦Ó¥X²{ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¡AÅý¦t©z¥X²{ªºì¦]À³¸Ó©M¦t©zªº®É¶¡»P¦aÂI¨S¦³ÃöÁp¡C
³o§i¶D§ÚÌ¡A ¯u¥DµL©Ò¤£¦b¡C»P¦¹¦P®É¡A ³o¤@¤ÁÁÙÃÒ©ú¡A ¦³¨Ç¤H©ÒÅGÅ@ªº¨º¼Ë¯u¥D¤£¬O¦t©zªº¥»¨¡A
¦Ó¬OÂл\¤F¦t©z¡A¨Ã«D¶È¶È¬O¦t©zùرªº¤@Ó¤O¶q¡C¡¨2
¹ï¯«³y½×ªº²§Ä³©MÂÕ½×
¨ì²{¦b¬°¤î¡A¤@¤ÁÃÒ¾Úªí©ú¡A³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ·N¨ýµÛ¦t©z¬O±qµL¨ì¦³ªº¡A¬O³Q³Ð³yªº¡C ¥Ñ©ó³oÓì¦]¡A¨º¨Ç«H¥õ°ßª«¥D¸qªº¤Ñ¤å¾Ç®a©Mª«²z¾Ç®aÌ¡A
¬°¤F¹ï§Ü³oÓ¯u²z¡A ¦b´M§ä¦UºØ¹ïµ¦¡Cè¤~´£¨ì¹Lªº¡§ÀR¤îª¬ºA½×¡¨«K¬O¨ä¤¤¤§¤@¡A ¬O¤@¨Ç¹ï¡§¦t©z³Q³Ð³yªºõ¾ÇÆ[¡¨·P¨ì¤£®®ªº¬ì¾Ç®aÌ´£¥X¨Óªº¡C
°ßª«¥D¸qªÌÌ´£¥Xªº¥t¥~ªº¨âÓ°w¹ï©Ê²z½×¬O©Ó»{³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×¡A¦ý»P¦¹¦P®É¡A
¸Õ¹Ï¥ÎºJ¶}³Ð³y½×¨Ó¶i¦æ¸ÑÄÀ¡G¨ä¤@¬O¡§¶}±Ò¡ÐÃö³¬¦t©z¼Ò¦¡¡¨( oscillating universe
model, ©ÎĶ§@¡§Â\°Ê¤¤ªº¦t©z¼Ò¦¡¡¨)¡A ¨ä¤G¬O¡§¶q¤l¦t©z¼Ò¦¡¡¨(quantum model
of universe)¡C ±µ¤U¨Ó¡A Åý§Ų́ӫö¶¶§Ç¬Ý¤@¬Ý¡A¬°¤°»ò³o¨Ç²z½×¯¸¤£¦í¸}§a¡I
¡§¶}±Ò
¡ÐÃö³¬¦t©z¼Ò¦¡¡¨¬O¤@¨Ç¤£Ä@·N±µ¨ü³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¬O¦t©z¤§¶}©lªº¤Ñ¤å¾Ç®aÌ´£¥X¨Óªº¡C ®Ú¾Ú¸Ó¼Ò¦¡¡A
¦b³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¤§«á¡A ¦t©z¤S·|ÁY¤p¨ì¤@ÓÂI¡A ¤§«á¡A ¤S·|«·sÃz¬µ¡A ¦p¦¹´`Àô©¹´_¡A¥H¦ÜµL½a¡C ¸Ó¼Ò¦¡ÁÙ«ü¥X¡A
¦b³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¤§«e¡A ¦t©zÃz¬µ¤FµL¼Æ¦¸¦ÓÁY¤p¤F¡C ´«¨¥¤§¡A ¦t©zùÚ¤[¥H¨Ó´N¦s¦b¡A ¥u¤£¹L¡A ¶¡Â_©Êªºµo¥Í¹LÃz¬µ¡A
µM«á¡A ¤SÁY¦^¤F¨ì¤F쪬¡C ¦p¤µ¡A §ÚÌ©Ò¿à¥H¥Í¦sªº¦t©z¬O³o¨ÇµL¼Æ¦¸Ãz¬µ«áªº¦t©z¤§¤@¡C
©ß¥X³oÓ²z½×ªº¤H̪º¥Øªº¬O¸Õ¹Ï§â¡§ùÚ¤[¦t©z¡¨ªº½×ÂI©M"³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ"²z½×´|·b¨ì¤@°_¡C
µM¦Ó¡A ³oÓ§@ªk¦³®¯©ó¬ì¾Ç¡C¹L¥h15¡Ð20¦~ªº¬ã¨sªí©ú¡A¶}±Ò¡ÐÃö³¬¦t©z¼Ò¦¡¬O¤£¦¨¥ßªº¼Ò¦¡¡A §Y«K¦t©z·|¦Û§Ú°I°h¡A
¨S¦³¥ô¦ó¤@Óª«²zì²z¯à°÷ªý¾×³oºØ°I°h¡AµM«á¡A Åý¦t©z¦b¤@½ü·sªº¤jÃz¬µ«á¡A«·s§Î¦¨¡C3
Åý³oºØ½×ÂI¯¸¤£¦í¸}ªº«n¤@Ó¦]¯À¬O¡A¦pªG¦t©z¯uªº¶}¬°¡ÐÃö³¬ªº¸Ü¡A³oºØ´`Àô¤]¤£·|¨S¦³¤î¹Ò¡C¦]¬°´`Àô¤¤ªº¦t©z·|©¼¦¹¿é°e¯à¶q©Mª«½èªº°h°¡C¤]´N¬O»¡¡A¦b¨CÓ¦t©z¯à¶q·|°I°h¡A¨C¤@Ó·s¡§¶}±Ò¡¨ªº¦t©z·|¶}ªº§ó½wºC¡A
±q¦Ó¨Ï¥¦ªºª½®|§ó¤j¨Ç¡CÀHµÛ®É¶¡ªº¬y³u¡A ·í¥¦¦^ÁY®É¡A¦t©zÀ³¸Ó³vº¥Åܤp¦Ü¨ì¡§²Ä¤@Ó¦t©z¡¨¨º»ò¤j¬°¤î¡C
´«¨¥¤§¡A §Y«K¦t©z¸g±`¶}±Ò¡ÐÃö³¬¡A¥¦ÁÙ¬O±o»Ýn¤@Ó±qµL¨ì¦³ªº¹Lµ{¡C4
²¦Ó¨¥¤§¡A
¶}±Ò¡ÐÃö³¬¦t©z¼Ò¦¡¤£¹L¬OÓ±qª«²z¾Ç¨¤«×¤£¥i¯àµo¥Íªº¤Û·Q½}¤F¡C
ºJ¶}³Ð³y½×¨Ó¸Õ¹Ï¹ï¦t©z¶i¦æ¸ÑÄÀªº²Ä¤GÓ¼Ò¦¡¬O"¶q¤l¦t©z¼Ò¦¡"¡C
¥D±i³oÓÆ[ÂIªº¤H¤h¬O®Ú¾Ú¶q¤lª«²zªº¤@Ó²{¶H´£¥X³oÓ¼Ò¦¡ªº¡C ®Ú¾Ú¶q¤lª«²z¾Ç¡A ¤ñì¤l§ó¤pªº·L²É¦b¯uªÅùØ·|¬ðµM§Î¦¨©M®ø¥¢¡C
¦]¦¹¡A ¤@¨Çª«²z¾Ç®a»{¬°¡A¡§ª«½è¦b¶q¤l¤ô¥¤W·|±qµL¨ì¦³¡A ³o¬O¸Óª«½è¯S¦³ªºÄÝ©Ê¡¨¡C¥Ñ¦¹¡A¥ḺÀÂ_¥X¡A
¦t©z±qµL¨ì¦³¤]¬Oª«½è¯S¦³ªº¤@ºØÄÝ©Ê¡A ¬O¦ÛµM³W«ßªº¤@³¡¤À¡C³oºØ¼Ò¦¡¸Õ¹Ï§â§ÚÌ¿à¥H¥Í¦sªº¦t©z§Î®e¦¨¤ñ§ó¤jªº¤@Ó¦t©zªºÁÙn¤pªº¹³·L²É¨º»ò¤jªº¤@ÓÂI¡C
µM¦Ó¡A³oºØ§Q¥Î¶q¤lª«²z©Ò§@ªº¤ñ³ë»·»·¤£¯à¸ÑÄÀ¦t©zªº§Î¦¨¡C ¡§³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¡B¤@¯«½×©MµL¯«½×¡¨³o¥»®Ñªº§@ªÌ¡Ð«Â·G¡EÄõ¥§¡E¬ìµÜ®æ¬O³o»ò¸ÑÄÀ³oÓ°ÝÃDªº¡G
¡§¥]§tµÛ©¿Áô©¿²{²É¤lªº¾÷±ñªº¶q¤l¯uªÅ¡A
¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A ¨Ã«D¤@Ó¡§¯uªÅ¡¨¡A ¤]¤£¨¬©ó¸ÑÄÀ¡§µL¡¨³oÓ·§©À¡C ¦b¤@Ó¶q¤l¼Ò«¬ùØ¡A ¤£°±¦a§Î¦¨¦Ó¤S®ø¥¢ªº·L²É¡A
¦b¥¦Ì¦s¦bªº·¥µuªº®É¶¡ùØ¡A ·|±q©P³ò§l¦¬¯à¶q¡C ³o¨Ã«D¡§µL¡¨¡A ©Ò¥H»¡¡A ª«½è·L²É¨Ã«D¬O±qµL¨ì¦³ªº¡C¡¨5
´«¨¥¤§¡A ¦b¶q¤lª«²z¾ÇùØ¡A ¨Æ¹ê¤W¡Aª«½è¤]¨Ã«D¬O±qµL¨ì¦³ªº¡C¥u¤£¹L¡A¦b¦³¯à¶qªºÀô¹ÒùØ¡A ¯à¶q¤@¤U·|Åܦ¨ª«½è¡A
¤§«á¡A ¦A«ì´_¦¨¯à¶q½}¤F¡C ²¦Ó¨¥¤§¡A ¤£¦s¦b¤@Ó¡§¦ÛµM¦ÓµM±qµL¨ì¦³¡¨ªºª¬ºA¡C
µM¦Ó¡A¥¿¦p¦b©Ò¦³¬ì¾Ç»â°ì¨º¼Ë¡A«H©^µL¯«½×ªºª«²z¾Ç®aÌ¡A¤£±¤©¿µø¦UºØ²Ó¸`©MÀô¸`¡A ¥Î°ßª«¥D¸qªº²´¥úÄ~Äò¦b¬n¦±¯u²z¡C
¦]¬°¹ï¥L̦Ө¥¡A ºûÅ@µL¯«½×¤ñ°_¬ì¾Çµo²{ÁÙn¦ÜÃö«n¡C
¥H¤W§ÚÌ©Ò»¡ªº¯u²z¤@¸gÀ³Åç¡A³\¦h¬ì¾Ç®a¥ß¨è©ñ±ó¤F¶q¤l¦t©z¾Ç»¡¡CµÛ¦Wªºª«²z¾Ç®aC¡EJ¡E¨Ì«ä¦½(C.
J. Isham)«ü¥X¡A ¡§¥Ñ©ó¶q¤l¦t©z¾Ç»¡¹J¨ì¤FP©Rªº§xÃø¡A ©Ò¥H¥¼¯à±o¨ì¼sªx±µ¨ü¡C¡¨ 6
¦p¤µ¡Aº¥ý´£¥X¶q¤l¦t©z¾Ç»¡ªºR¡E¥¬³Ò¯S©M´µ¥¼wº¸³o¼Ëªºª«²z¾Ç®a̳£±Ë±ó¤F¸Ó¾Ç»¡¡C7
¶q¤l¦t©z¾Ç»¡¦b³Ìªñ´X¦~ùبú±o¼vÅTªºª©¥»¡A¬O¥Ñ¬ü°êµÛ¦Wª«²z¾Ç®a´µ¸¦ªâ¡E»¨ª÷(
Stephen Hawking,¥tĶ§@ÀNª÷)´£¥Xªº¡C ¥L¦b¨ä¦W¬°¡§®É¶¡ªºµu¼È¾ú¥v¡¨ªº®ÑùØÄÄz¤F¨ä¾Ç»¡®É¡A«ü¥X¡A
³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¨Ã«D·N¨ýµÛ¡§±qµL¨ì¦³¡¨¡C ¦b³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¤§«e¨S¦³®É¶¡ªº³oӨƹ걫e¡A¥L±À¥X¤F¡§ªÅ·Q®É¶¡¡¨(imaginary
time)³o¼Ëªº·§©À¡C ¾Ú»¨ª÷¨Ó¬Ý¡A ¦b³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¤§«eªº1043¬í¬°¤î¦³¤@Ó¡§ªÅ·Q®É¶¡¡¨¡A
¯u¹êªº®É¶¡¬O¦b³o¥H«á¥X²{ªº¡C »¨ª÷·Q³q¹L³oÓ·§©À¨Ó§_©w³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ¤§«e¡§¤£¦s¦b®É¶¡¡¨ªº³oÓ¯u²z¡C
µM¦Ó¡A
¡§ªÅ·Q®É¶¡¡¨¡A¬O¦b´yz½Ñ¦p¡§¤@өж¡ùتº°²·Q¤H¼Æ¡¨©ÎªÌ¡§¤@±ø¸ô¤Wªº°²·Q¨®½øªºÁ`©M¡¨³o¼Ëªº¨Æ¹ê¤W¤£¦s¦bªº¨Æ±¡®É¨Ï¥Îªº·§©À¡C
»¨ª÷¦b³oùصL«D¬O¦b·d¤å¦r¹CÀ¸¡C ¥L·Q»¡¡A ¥Î°²·Qªº®É¶¡«Ø¥ßªº¼Æ¾Ç¤èµ{¦¡¬O¥¿½Tªº¡A µM¦Ó¡A ³o¬O²@µL·N¸qªº¡C
µÛ¦Wªº¼Æ¾Ç®a»®ªi¯S¡E¤B®æ°ÇÀï¤h¦b¸ÑÄÀ¨Æ¹ê¤W¤£¦s¦bªºªF¦è¦b¼Æ¾ÇùØ¥i¥H°²³]¦s¦b®É»¡¡G
¡§®Ú¾Ú¼Æ¾Ç»y¨¥ùØ¡A
§ÚÌ»¡µê°²ªºªF¦èµ{«×¤£¨È©ó»¡¯u¹êªºªF¦èªºµ{«×¡C ¦b¼Æ¾Ç½dÃ¥ùØ¡A §Ų́S¦³¤ÀÅG¥¦Ìªº¾÷·|¡C ¥u¦³³q¹L§@¹êÅç©ÎªÌ¼Æ¾Ç¥H¥~ªº¤èªk¡A
¤]´N¬O¾a¬ã¨s¼Æ¾Ç¸ÑÄÀ©M¥¦ªºª«²z¹ï¥ß±¤§¶¡ªºÃö«Y¤~¯à°µ¨ì³oºØ¤ÀÅG¡C¡¨8
´µ¸¦ªâ¡E»¨ª÷¦p¦P¨ä¥L¸Õ¹Ï§_©w³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×ªº°ßª«¥D¸q¬£¬ì¾Ç®ąº¼Ë¡A´£¥X¤F¤@¨Ç¨Æ¹ê¤W®Ú¥»¤£¦s¦b¤S¦Û¬Û¥Ù¬ÞªºÂ_¨¥¡C
|
²¦Ó¨¥¤§¡A
¦b¼Æ¾ÇùØ©â¶H¬OÓ²z½×¤W±o¥Xªºµ²ªG¡A ¨S¦³¥²nµ¹¥¦§ä¥XÓ¯u¹êªº¹ï¥ß±¡C »¨ª÷´N¬O¦b§Q¥Î³oÓ©â¶H¯SÂI¨Óµ¹¯u²z»s³y°²³]ªº¹ï¥ß±¡C
¨º»ò¡A ¥L³o»ò°µªº°Ê¾÷¦ó¦b©O¡Hµª®×¦b¥Lªº¨¥½×ùر¡C »¨ª÷©Ó»{¡A ¦UºØÃö©ó¦t©zªº¾Ç»¡¤§©Ò¥H¥X²{¬O¦]¬°³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×¨Ï¤H·Q¨ì¤F¡§¯«³y½×¡¨¡C9
©Ò¦³³o¤@¤Á³£ªí©ú¡A
¸Õ¹Ï¥N´À³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×¦Ó³Q´£¥XªºÀR¤îª¬ºA¼Ò¦¡¡B¶}±Ò¡ÐÃö³¬¦t©z¼Ò¦¡¡B¶q¤l¦t©z¼Ò¦¡©M»¨ª÷¼Ò¦¡³oÃþªº¾Ç»¡¡A
µL¤£±aµÛ°ßª«¥D¸qªÌ̪º°¾°õªºõ¾ÇÆ[¡C ¬ì¾Çµo²{ÃÒ©ú¤F³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×¥¿½T©M¨ä¡§±qµL¨ì¦³¡¨ªº·N¨ý¡C
¦t©z±qµL¨ì¦³¬O¯u¥D³Ð³y¤F¦t©zªºµ´¨ÎÃÒ©ú¡A ³o¬O°ßª«¥D¸qªÌ̵Lªk§_©wªº¯u²z¡C
³Ì¦³¦Wªº°ßª«¥D¸q¬ì¾ÇÂø»x¤§¤@¡§¦ÛµM¡¨(Nature)Âø»xªº½s¿è¬ù¿«¡E°¨¦h§J´µ(John
Maddox)¦b1989¦~µoªíªº¤@½g¤å³¹ùØÄÄz¤F¹ï³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×ªº°ßª«¥D¸q¦¡ªº¤ÏÀ³¡C ¥L°õµ§ªº¤å³¹ªºÃD¥Ø¬O¡G¡§¥´Ë³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×(Down
wth the Big Bang)¡¨¡C ¥L¦b¤å³¹ùثź١A¡§³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×¤£¯à³Q±µ¨ü¬°õ¾ÇÆ[ÂI¡¨¡A
¦]¬°¡§³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×µ¹¯«¾Ç®a̪º¯«³y½×´£¨Ñ¤F¦³¤Oªº¤ä«ù¡¨¡A ¨Ã¹w¨¥¡A ¡§¦b¥¼¨Óªº10¦~¡A
³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×±N·|¯¸¤£¦í¸}¡C¡¨10 µM¦Ó¡A ¸ò°¨¦h§J´µº¡Ãh«H¤ß©Ò§@ªº¹w¨¥«ê«ê¬Û¤Ï¡A
³Ð¥@¤jÃz¬µ²z½×¦b10¦~ùرo¨ì§ó¥[§§¤j¡A Ãö©óÃÒ©ú¯«³y½×ªº¬ì¾Çµo²{¼h¥X¤£½a¡C
¦³¨Ç°ßª«¥D¸qªÌ¡A
¦b³oÓ°ÝÃD¤Wªí²{±o¤ñ¸û²z´¼¡C ¨Ò¦p¡A«H©^°ßª«¥D¸qªº^°êª«²z¾Ç®aH¡EP¡E§õ´¶´Ë´N©Ó»{¡A ¦t©z¬O³Q³Ð³yªº¡C
¾¨ºÞ¤£±¡Ä@¡A ¥LÁÙ¬O»¡¡G
¡§§Ú±o©Ó»{¡A
±q³oÂI¥Xµoªº¸Ü¡A °ß¤@¯à±µ¨üªº¸ÑÄÀ¬O¦t©z¬O³Q³Ð³yªº¡C §Úª¾¹D¡A ¥]¬A¦Û¤v¦b¤ºªº³\¦hª«²z¾Ç®a³£·|¹ï¦¹Æ[ÂI·P¨ìÃø¥H»{¦P¡A
¤£¹L¡A ¦pªG¸ÕÅçµ²ªGÃÒ©ú³o¤@²z½×ªº¸Ü¡A ¨º»ò¡A §Ṳ́£¯à¦]¬°¥¦¤£²Å¦X¦Û¤vªº¤ß·N¦Ó§_©w³oÓ²z½×¡C¡¨11
Á`¤§¡A ²{¥N¬ì¾Çµo²{ÃÒ©ú¡Gª«½è©M®É¶¡¬O¥Ñ¿W¥ß©ó³o¨âªÌªº¸U¯àªº³yª«¥D³Ð³yªº¡C §ÚÌ¿à¥H¥Í¦sªº¦t©z¬O¥ÑµL©Ò¤£¯àªº¡A
¥þª¾ªº¯u¥D³Ð³yªº¡C
µù¡G |
|
1. Henry
Margenau, Roy Abraham Vargesse, Cosmos, Bios,
Theos. La Salle IL: Open Court Publishing, 1992,
p. 241
2. Hugh Ross, The Creator and the Cosmos: How
Greatest Scientific Discoveries of The Century
Reveal God, Colorado: NavPress, revised
edition, 1995, p. 76
3. William Lane Craig, Cosmos and Creator, Origins
& Design, Spring 1996, vol. 17, p. 19
4. William Lane Craig, Cosmos and Creator, Origins
& Design, Spring 1996, vol. 17, p. 19
5. E William Lane Craig, Cosmos and Creator,
Origins & Design, Spring 1996, vol. 17,
p. 20
6. Christopher Isham, "Space, Time and Quantum
Cosmology", paper presented at the conference
"God, Time and Modern Physics", March 1990,
Origins & Design, Spring 1996, vol. 17,
p. 27
7. R. Brout, Ph. Spindel, "Black Holes Dispute",
Nature, vol 337, 1989, p. 216
8. Herbert Dingle, Science at the Crossroads,
London: Martin Brian & O'Keefe, 1972, p.
31-32
9. StephenHawking, A Brief History of Time,
New York: Bantam Books, 1988, p. 46
10. John Maddox, "Down with the Big Bang", Nature,
vol¡E 340, 1989, p. 378
11. H. P. Lipson, "A Physicist Looks at Evolution",
Physics Bulletin, vol. 138, 1980, p. 138
|
|